Kafa'a
كفاءة
Pronunciation: kah-FAH-ah
Compatibility or suitability between spouses considered in an Islamic marriage match.
Definition
The concept of suitability or compatibility between prospective spouses in Islamic marriage law, traditionally considered in factors such as deen (religious commitment), character, and sometimes social or financial standing. Kafa'a functions primarily as a protection for the bride and her family: the wali may object to a clearly unsuitable match.
Scholars across the madhhabs weigh the factors differently, with the strongest consensus on religion and character as the decisive considerations, echoing the Prophetic guidance to prioritize a partner's deen. Kafa'a is a consideration in arranging a marriage, not a pillar of the nikah's validity.
Related Terms
Nikahنكاح
The Islamic marriage contract — verbal or written, requiring offer, acceptance, and witnesses.
Waliولي
The bride's marriage guardian — typically her father or closest male relative — required for a valid nikah in most madhhabs.
Mahrمهر
The obligatory bridal gift in Islamic marriage — a financial right of the wife, due from the husband.
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Kafa'a (كفاءة) — Compatibility or suitability between spouses considered in an Islamic marriage match. The concept of suitability or compatibility between prospective spouses in Islamic marriage law, traditionally considered in factors such as deen (religious commitment), character, and sometimes social or financial standing. Kafa'a functions primarily as a protection for the bride and her family: the wali may object to a clearly unsuitable match.
- Compatibility or suitability between spouses considered in an Islamic marriage match.
- Category: Contracts
- Related: Nikah, Wali, Mahr
- Compare related Shariah-compliant products on HalalWallet
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Reviewed by: HalalWallet Editorial Team
Last reviewed: 2026-06-01
Editorial Team, HalalWallet
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