Faraid
فرائض
Pronunciation: fah-RAH-id
Islamic inheritance law prescribing fixed shares for heirs based on Quranic guidelines.
Definition
Islamic inheritance law. A system of fixed shares that dictates how a deceased Muslim's estate is distributed among heirs. Designated shares go to the spouse, children, parents, and siblings according to Quranic guidelines (primarily Surah An-Nisa, 4:11-12).
The system ensures wealth is distributed broadly rather than concentrated. In Canada, a valid Islamic will (wasiyyah) is typically needed to ensure Faraid compliance, as provincial intestacy laws follow different distribution rules.
Related Terms
Wasiyyahوصية
An Islamic will — allowing a Muslim to bequeath up to one-third of their estate outside the fixed inheritance shares.
Waqfوقف
An Islamic endowment — assets permanently dedicated to a charitable purpose.
Mirathميراث
Islamic inheritance — the transfer of wealth from a deceased Muslim to rightful heirs according to Shariah.
ʿAsaba (Residuary Heirs)عصبة
Residuary heirs in Islamic inheritance who take whatever remains after the fixed-share heirs are paid.
Radd (Return)رد
The return of a leftover surplus to the fixed-share heirs when no residuary heir exists.
ʿAwl (Proportional Reduction)عول
Proportional reduction of inheritance shares when the fixed fractions add up to more than the whole estate.
Hajb (Blocking)حجب
The rule in Islamic inheritance by which a nearer heir reduces or excludes a more distant one.
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Faraid (فرائض) — Islamic inheritance law prescribing fixed shares for heirs based on Quranic guidelines. Islamic inheritance law. A system of fixed shares that dictates how a deceased Muslim's estate is distributed among heirs.
- Islamic inheritance law prescribing fixed shares for heirs based on Quranic guidelines.
- Category: Estate Planning
- Related: Wasiyyah, Waqf, Mirath, ʿAsaba (Residuary Heirs), Radd (Return), ʿAwl (Proportional Reduction), Hajb (Blocking)
- Compare related Shariah-compliant products on HalalWallet
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Reviewed by: HalalWallet Editorial Team
Last reviewed: 2026-07-01
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