ʿAsaba (Residuary Heirs)
عصبة
Pronunciation: ah-SAH-bah
Residuary heirs in Islamic inheritance who take whatever remains after the fixed-share heirs are paid.
Definition
In Islamic inheritance (Faraid), the ʿasaba are residuary heirs who do not take a fixed Quranic fraction but inherit whatever remains after the fixed-share heirs (ashab al-furud) receive their portions. The son is the strongest example: he inherits the residue and, alongside daughters, takes twice each daughter's share. Other residuaries include the father (when no male descendant exists), the full brother, and the grandfather.
When no fixed-share heir is present, a residuary heir can take the entire estate. An Islamic will is required for these shares to be honored under local probate law.
Related Terms
Faraidفرائض
Islamic inheritance law prescribing fixed shares for heirs based on Quranic guidelines.
Wasiyyahوصية
An Islamic will — allowing a Muslim to bequeath up to one-third of their estate outside the fixed inheritance shares.
Hajb (Blocking)حجب
The rule in Islamic inheritance by which a nearer heir reduces or excludes a more distant one.
Radd (Return)رد
The return of a leftover surplus to the fixed-share heirs when no residuary heir exists.
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ʿAsaba (Residuary Heirs) (عصبة) — Residuary heirs in Islamic inheritance who take whatever remains after the fixed-share heirs are paid. In Islamic inheritance (Faraid), the ʿasaba are residuary heirs who do not take a fixed Quranic fraction but inherit whatever remains after the fixed-share heirs (ashab al-furud) receive their portions. The son is the strongest example: he inherits the residue and, alongside daughters, takes twice each daughter's share.
- Residuary heirs in Islamic inheritance who take whatever remains after the fixed-share heirs are paid.
- Category: Estate Planning
- Related: Faraid, Wasiyyah, Hajb (Blocking), Radd (Return)
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Reviewed by: HalalWallet Editorial Team
Last reviewed: 2026-07-01
Editorial Team, HalalWallet
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